Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o efeito de intervenção educativa online na qualidade de vida de gestantes adolescentes. Métodos Estudo quase experimental, do tipo grupo único pré e pós-teste, realizado nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Teresina, no período de outubro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018. Amostra de 35 gestantes adolescentes obtida por conveniência e a qualidade de vida avaliada por meio do Instrumento de Qualidade de Vida de Ferrans & Powers. Para escores de distribuição normal foi realizado o teste t e para os de distribuição não-paramétrica o teste Wilcoxon e o nível de significância adotado foi α=0,05. Resultados Após a intervenção educativa online houve melhora da qualidade de vida total (p<0,001) e nos domínios saúde/funcionamento (p<0,001), socioeconômico (p<0,001) e psicológico/espiritual (p<0,001), exceto no domínio família. Conclusão a intervenção educativa online teve efeito na qualidade de vida, permitindo que ela seja incorporada no processo de educação em saúde com gestantes adolescentes na atenção básica à saúde.

Abstract Objective To assess the effect of online educational intervention on pregnant adolescents’ quality of life. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study, of the pre- and post-test single group type, carried out in the Basic Health Units of Teresina, from October 2017 to January 2018. A sample of 35 pregnant adolescents was obtained by convenience. Quality of life was assessed using the Ferrans & Powers Quality of Life Instrument. For scores with normal distribution, Student’s t-test was performed, and for those with non-parametric distribution, the Wilcoxon test was used and the significance level adopted was α=0.05. Results After the online educational intervention, there was an improvement in the total quality of life (p<0.001) and in health/functioning (p<0.001), socioeconomic (p<0.001) and psychological/spiritual (p<0.001) domains, except in the family domain. Conclusion The online educational intervention had an effect on quality of life, allowing it to be incorporated into the health education process with pregnant adolescents in Primary Health Care.

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar el efecto de una intervención educativa online en la calidad de vida de embarazadas adolescentes. Métodos Estudio cuasi experimental, tipo grupo único antes y después de la prueba, realizado en las Unidades Básicas de Salud de Teresina, en el período de octubre de 2017 a enero de 2018. Muestra de 35 mujeres embarazadas adolescentes, obtenida por conveniencia, y calidad de vida evaluada mediante el Instrumento de Calidad de Vida de Ferrans & Powers. Para la puntuación de distribución normal se realizó el test-T y para la de distribución no paramétrica, la Prueba de Wilcoxon. El nivel de significación adoptado fue α=0,05. Resultados Luego de la intervención educativa online, hubo una mejora de la calidad de vida total (p<0,001) y de los dominios salud/funcionamiento (p<0,001), socioeconómico (p<0,001) y psicológico/espiritual (p<0,001), excepto en el dominio familia. Conclusión La intervención educativa online tuvo efecto en la calidad de vida, lo que permitió que esta se incorpore en el proceso de educación para la salud para mujeres embarazadas adolescentes en la atención básica en salud.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da anemia infecciosa equina (AIE) no desempenho físico de equinos da região do Pantanal brasileiro. Foram avaliados 16 machos, divididos em dois grupos: 8 soronegativos (G1) e 8 soropositivos (G2) para AIE. Dois testes de esforço progressivo foram realizados, antes (T1) e após (T2) 42 dias de treinamento. Foram registrados frequência cardíaca, concentração de lactato, distância percorrida e níveis de hematócrito. Em ambos os testes, o G1 percorreu uma distância maior. No T2, o G2 apresentou menores níveis de hematócrito e menor velocidade obtida a diferentes concentrações de lactato e frequências cardíacas. O desempenho atlético dos equídeos avaliados é afetado pela anemia infecciosa equina.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of equine infectious anemia (EIA) on the physical performance of equines from the Brazilian Pantanal region. A total of 16 males were evaluated, divided into two groups: 8 seronegative (G1) and 8 seropositive (G2) for EIA. Two graded exercise tests were carried out before (T1) and after (T2) 42 days of training. Heart rate, lactate concentration, distance covered, and hematocrit level were recorded. In both tests, G1 covered a greater distance. In T2, G2 had lower hematocrit levels and lower speeds reached at different lactate concentrations and heart rates. The athletic performance of the evaluated equines is affected by equine infectious anemia.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the physical performance of Pantaneiro horses with and without equine infectious anemia (EIA) under functional conditions of cattle management. The horses were subjected to a performance test and split into two groups according to a completely randomized design: animals were chosen from populations testing positive and negative for EIA. Performance was measured as a function of a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model considering four outputs and one unitary input. The output measures were the distance achieved in the performance test, hematocrit as a weighted average over the test duration, respiratory rate as weighted average over the test duration, and the level of lactic acid at the test termination. Weights for the hematocrit and the respiratory rate output variables were determined by means of factor analysis. The performance score was a weighted average of the output variables with the weights defined by the averages of the optimum individual multipliers in the DEA analysis. Contextual variables of interest were age, horse weight, room temperature, and corporal temperature. Only groups and room temperature were statistically significant effects, as indicated by a bootstrap analysis. The performance of group positive for EIA is significantly lower than that of the group negative for EIA and room temperature has a negative effect.

RESUMO: A população de equídeos de serviço em Corumbá, Pantanal Sul, é muito numerosa e tem um papel crucial na principal atividade econômica do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, a pecuária de corte extensiva. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a prevalência atual da anemia infecciosa equina (AIE) em equídeos de serviço em fazendas do município de Corumbá, pelo teste oficial de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA), e avaliar a adoção do Programa de Prevenção e Controle da Anemia Infecciosa Equina proposto pela Embrapa Pantanal e entidades oficiais nos anos 1990. De setembro a novembro de 2009, quarenta fazendas distribuídas na área do município foram visitadas, e amostras de soro obtidas de 721 equinos e 232 muares. De acordo com publicações anteriores e os dados obtidos neste trabalho, concluiu-se que a prevalência da AIE nesta população aumentou de 18.17% para 38,60%, o que representa atualmente cerca de 13.000 animais infectados. Não houve diferença significativa entre as prevalências aparentes de equinos e muares. Verificou-se, também, que o programa de controle era desconhecido pela maior parte dos produtores, gerentes e capatazes entrevistados e, na percepção dos mesmos, a AIE não é uma ameaça importante a ser enfrentada. Dentre as variáveis estudadas, a prática da realização de testes sorológicos reduziu significantemente o risco para a presença de soropositividade para AIE, assim como a separação dos equipamentos de montaria e a segregação dos soropositivos.

ABSTRACT: The working equid population in Corumbá, Southern Pantanal, is very large and has a crucial role in the main economic activity of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, the beef cattle industry. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of equine infectious anaemia (EIA) in working equids of ranches in the municipality of Corumbá, by the official agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test, and evaluate the adoption of the Programme for the Prevention and Control of Equine Infectious Anaemia proposed by Embrapa Pantanal and official entities in the 1990s. From September to November 2009, forty ranches distributed through the area of the municipality were visited, and serum samples were obtained from 721 equines and 232 mules. According to previous publications and the present data, it was concluded that the prevalence of EIA in this population has increased from 18.17% to 38.60%, which represents at this time approximately 13,000 infected animals. There was no significant difference between the apparent prevalence of equines and mules. It was also verified that the control programme was not known by the greater part of the interviewed ranch owners, managers and foremen and, in their perception, EIA is not a primary threat to address. Among the studied variables, the serologic testing practice significantly reduced the risk for the presence of EIA seropositivity, as well as the separation of riding equipment and segregation of seropositives.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a eficácia e a segurança do hidrato de cloral na sedação de lactentes para testes de função pulmonar. Métodos: Foram avaliadas retrospectivamente todas as tentativas de sedação para exames de função pulmonar em lactentes feitas entre junho 2007 e agosto 2014. Apneia obstrutiva do sono e cardiopatia foram contraindicações para os exames. Dados antropométricos, indicação do exame, dose empregada, desfechos da sedação e intercorrências clínicas foram registrados e descritos. Resultados: Avaliaram-se as tentativas de sedação de 277 lactentes (165 meninos) com mediana de 51,5 semanas de vida (14-182). A principal indicação para os testes foi sibilância recorrente (56%) e a dose de hidrato de cloral usada variou entre 50-80mg/kg (via oral). Dezoito (6,5%) lactentes apresentaram algum tipo de intercorrência clínica e foram as mais frequentes: tosse e/ou secreção na via aérea (1,8%); desconforto respiratório alto (1,4%) e vômitos (1,1%). Um lactente prematuro apresentou bradicardia por cerca de 15 minutos, responsiva a estimulação tátil. Todos os efeitos adversos observados foram transitórios e não houve necessidade de manobras de reanimação e uso de medicações injetáveis. Conclusões: Os dados demonstraram que o hidrato de cloral, nas doses empregadas, é um medicamento seguro e eficaz para a sedação de lactentes em procedimentos de curta duração, como os testes de função pulmonar. Devido à possibilidade de eventos adversos graves, as recomendações referentes à dosagem e contraindicações devem ser seguidas de forma rígida e os lactentes devem ser monitorados por equipe treinada.

Abstract Objective: To describe the efficacy and safety of chloral hydrate sedation in infants for pulmonary function tests. Methods: All sedation attempts for pulmonary function tests in infants carried out between June 2007 and August 2014 were evaluated. Obstructive sleep apnea and heart disease were contraindications to the exams. Anthropometric data, exam indication, used dose, outcomes of sedation and clinical events were recorded and described. Results: The sedation attempts in 277 infants (165 boys) with a median age of 51.5 weeks of life (14-182 weeks) were evaluated. The main indication for the tests was recurrent wheezing (56%) and the chloral hydrate dose ranged from 50 to 80mg/kg (orally). Eighteen (6.5%) infants had some type of clinical complication, with the most frequent being cough and/or airway secretion (1.8%); respiratory distress (1.4%) and vomiting (1.1%). A preterm infant had bradycardia for approximately 15 minutes, which was responsive to tactile stimulation. All observed adverse effects were transient and there was no need for resuscitation or use of injectable medications. Conclusions: The data demonstrated that chloral hydrate at the employed doses is a safe and effective medicament for sedation during short procedures in infants, such as pulmonary function tests. Because of the possibility of severe adverse events, recommendations on doses and contraindications should be strictly followed and infants should be monitored by trained staff.

As in humans, sub-clinical infection by arboviruses in domestic animals is common; however, its detection only occurs during epizootics and the silent circulation of some arboviruses may remain undetected. The objective of the present paper was to assess the current circulation of arboviruses in the Nhecolândia sub-region of South Pantanal, Brazil. Sera from a total of 135 horses, of which 75 were immunized with bivalent vaccine composed of inactive Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and Western equine encephalitis virus(WEEV) and 60 were unvaccinated, were submitted to thorough viral isolation, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and neutralization tests for Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), EEEV, WEEV and Mayaro virus (MAYV). No virus was isolated and viral nucleic-acid detection by RT-PCR was also negative. Nevertheless, the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in horses older than seven months was 43.7% for SLEV in equines regardless of vaccine status, and 36.4% for WEEV and 47.7% for EEEV in unvaccinated horses. There was no evidence of MAYV infections. The serologic evidence of circulation of arboviruses responsible for equine and human encephalitis, without recent official reports of clinical infections in the area, suggests that the Nhecolândia sub-region in South Pantanal is an important area for detection of silent activity of arboviruses in Brazil.

Nove amostras de café solúvel representativas das marcas brasileiras foram adquiridas no mercado e analisadas quanto a composição de ácidos clorogênicos, cafeína e trigonelina, através de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Os isômeros dos principais grupos de ácidos clorogênicos (ACG), ou seja, ácidos cafeoilquínicos (ACQ), dicafeoilquínicos (ADICQ) e feruloilquínicos (AFQ) foram determinados. O grupo de ACQ foi predominante em todas as amostras sendo o 5-ACQ o maior componente nas amostras. Os teores totais de ACG variaram de 0,6 a 5,9g%. As amostras com baixo teor de ACG foram provavelmente aquelas obtidas de grãos submetidos a torrefação intensa. Os teores de trigonelina foram também bastante variáveis situando-se na faixa de 0,3 a 1,0g% refletindo as diferentes condições de processamento utilizadas pelos fabricantes. Com exceção das amostras descafeinadas que apresentaram resíduo de 0,065g% os teores de cafeína situaram-se em torno de 2,7g%. A menor variabilidade nos teores de cafeína deve-se a sua alta estabilidade térmica. O conhecimento da composição do café solúvel, principalmente em relação aos compostos bioativos é relevante para o direcionamento de futuros estudos e para a avaliação da contribuição do café nos efeitos biológicos específicos da dieta.

Nine Brazilian instant coffee samples were analysed for chlorogenic acids, caffeine and trigonelline using HPLC. Different isomers of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in the groups of caffeoylquinic acids (CQA), dicaffeoylquinic acids (DICQA) and feruloylquinic acids (FQA) were determined. The isomers of the CQA group were predominant in all samples with 5-CQA being the most abundant. Total CGA levels varied from 0.6 to 5.9g%. The samples with lowest CGA content were probably the ones obtained from dark roasted coffee beans. The trigonelline levels varied between 0.3 to 1.0g% reflecting the different conditions used by the manufacturers. The decaffeinated coffee retained about 0.065g% of caffeine and the majority of the other samples showed levels around 2.7g%. The small variability of caffeine within the samples was due to its resistance to the heat treatment. The knowledge of instant coffee composition is relevant to evaluate the real contribution of coffee to the biological effects of the diet.